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"contents": "<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Netball has banned transgender players from international competition with immediate effect under a new participation and inclusion policy issued on Monday.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The global governing body of what has traditionally been, and remains at an international level, a women’s sport said it had undergone a lengthy consultation before issuing the policy.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“Following detailed review of the science and consultation with experts and members, it has determined that international level women’s netball is a gender-affected activity and that a policy is required (to) ensure fairness and safety at this level of our sport,” World Netball said.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“World Netball believes that the research on which it has relied is robust, it comprises many research studies, all of which have been published in peer-reviewed journals and come from multiple distinct research groups around the world.”</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global governing bodies for cricket, cycling, athletics, swimming and chess have all tightened their participation rules for transgender athletes in elite women’s competitions over the past couple of years.</span>\r\n\r\n<b>Read more in Daily Maverick: </b><a href=\"https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-05-26-cycling-british-federation-announces-tighter-rules-around-trans-non-binary-athletes/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cycling-British federation announces tighter rules around trans, non-binary athletes</span></a>\r\n\r\n<b>Read more in Daily Maverick: </b><a href=\"https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-03-23-world-athletics-council-bans-transgender-women-from-competing-in-female-sports-events/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Athletics Council bans transgender women from competing in female sports events</span></a>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The netball policy pertains only to international competition and World Netball said national governing bodies could choose to “modify or even not apply these guidelines” if they decided to base their participation rules on other factors.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Critics of transgender inclusion in women’s sport say going through male puberty imbues athletes with a huge musculoskeletal advantage that transition does not mitigate.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">LGBT advocacy groups say excluding trans athletes amounts to discrimination and that not enough research has been done into the impact of transition on athletic performance.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Netball will review the policy annually.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“World Netball is committed to evidence-based decision-making and commits to evaluating any emerging evidence that pertains to elements of the policy,” it added.</span>\r\n\r\n<b>Read more in Daily Maverick: </b><a href=\"https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-04-12-world-sports-in-a-mess-over-trans-athletes-how-to-get-out-of-it/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How world sport got into a mess over trans athletes – and how it can get out of it</span></a>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“This includes any high-quality research that is published, and which will inform a formal review of the policy.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“World Netball has been considering this issue for some time. A gender-affected activity is activity in which the average strength, stamina and physique of one Sex (female) will put them at a disadvantage compared with the other Sex (male).</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“It is important to note that this policy relates to International Level Women’s Netball Competition. Netball remains a sport that is open to all and World Netball will continue to support the development of competition structures that embrace the whole of society.” </span><b>Reuters/DM</b>",
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